What is a SCSI controller?

Olga Weis Jul 7, 2021

If you need to access USB in Hyper-V, you should know that there three types of virtual controllers are supported by Hyper-V. You can use IDE, SCSI, or Virtual host bus adapters (HBAs) with the virtualization platform.

SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) controllers give virtual machines access to SCSI disks. A maximum of 64 devices can be supported from a virtual SCSI controller. Multiple disks attached to a single controller will provide optimal performance. The best practice is to only create additional controllers if they are needed due to the number of disks being used by the VM. Since the SCSI path is not emulated, a SCSI controller is the best controller for all but the disk containing the operating system. When working with Generation 2 VMs, a SCSI controller must be used. This type of controller is defined as serial attached SCSI (SAS) to support shared VHDX beginning with Windows Server 2012 R2.

Another term used for a SCSI controller is a host bus adapter (HBA). It can be either a chip or card used to enable SCSI storage devices to communicate with the OS over a SCSI bus. The controller can be a chip on the computer’s motherboard or housed in a hard drive’s PCI slot.

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